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• ICPAC prepared an action plan for including human mobility within ICPAC and stakeholder coordination structures during and beyond the project. The plan defines how ICPAC will incorporate human mobility within their programmes and expand its coordination to the existing IGAD platforms, to enhance sharing the results of the joint intervention with different stakeholders, including IGAD member states. 
• To enhance dialogue of the link between human mobility and climate change, ICPAC invited the IGAD migration unit and IGAD member states' migration focal points to the Greater Horn of Africa Climate Outlook Forums (GHACOF 60), which is a forum bringing together climate scientists, meteorologists, and experts from multiple sectors to evaluate the potential impacts of the seasonal forecast and co-produce mitigation measures, in February 2022. The aim was to bring the experience and knowledge of the Migration/Displacement focal points into the different sessions of the GHACOF 60. During the forum, ICPAC together with IGAD organized a dedicated workshop on multi-hazard early warning systems and human mobility to bring together the migration focal points of IGAD member states and the technical advisory committees for the disaster risk management programme. In the dedicated sessions, ICPAC, IGAD, and CIMA presented the results on the regional displacement risk profiles and the overall results of the MDCC programme work. The focal points interacted and showed their interest in building their capacities to this end. ICPAC will schedule a half-day session as a further follow-up in the upcoming GHACOF, planned in May 2022. 

                  

• In the upcoming GHACOFs planned both in May and August 2022, ICPAC will allocate sessions focusing on human mobility in the context of climate change. Once the disaster risk models and tools developed under Pillar I are ready, ICPAC will be able to provide information on projected migration and displacement data based on projected climate and non-climate related impacts on vulnerable populations to IGAD member states and other stakeholders participating in GHACOFs. 

• Identified project locations in Kenya and Somalia to conduct pilot interventions on better integration of human mobility in to climate change adaptation, disaster risk reduction and/or development policies and the policy implementation, with the communities affected by climate change. Partners will be implementing the most relevant and appropriate recommendations from studies which are currently on-going. Locations are in Turkana county in Kenya, and Mogadishu in Somalia.
• IOM visited Turkana County Government, Kenya, to discuss the policy gaps on migration, climate change and disaster risk reduction. Various officers including County Chief Officer, Director of Environment, Director Natural Resource Management, Coordinator National Drought Management Authority, and Deputy Director of Disaster Risk Management participated the meeting.  

• Participated in UN Network on Migration Kenya Migration and Development Technical Working Group (TWG). The third meeting of the Migration and Development Technical Working Group was held on 24 February with representatives from AMAPODC, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), ILO, IOM, the Kenya National Farmers' Federation (KENAFF), Forum CIV and UNWOMEN. Members discussed and updated the workplan; IFAD shared overview on Kenya Remittance Market Study assessment and the PRIME Africa Program in Kenya; and IOM presented on the Migration, Disasters and Climate Change regional joint programme. Partners actively seek to enhance synergies and collaboration with relevant stakeholders. 

• Prepared the selection of a consultant to support promoting improved collaboration on disaster preparedness through piloting elements of the IGAD Free Movement Protocol Article 16 on Movement of Persons Affected by Disasters.

• Progressed with a regional study on the needs and opportunities for a stronger integration of Human Mobility in regional and national green economy and related policies and plans, considering current and predicted future climate impacts on Human Mobility in the region.
• Identified project locations in Kenya and Somalia to conduct pilot interventions on better integration of human mobility in to green economy related policies and policy implementation. The interventions will be build from the recommendations of the regional study (mentioned above). Locations are in Turkana county in Kenya, and Mogadishu in Somalia.
• Collected data for a regional study on cross-border movements and international protection, particularly on what protection frameworks and coordination mechanisms for implementation exist to respond to human mobility related to climate change and disasters in the IGAD region; and facilitated a Civil Society Workshop: Human Mobility and Climate Change in the IGAD Region as part of the study. 
• Organized Consultative forums on Human Mobility and Regular Migration Pathways which gave several stakeholders an opportunity to share their inputs and views on the on-going study on better integration of Human Mobility in Green economy and related policies. 
• Conducted an initial field assessment mission and held consultation meetings with potential project partner organizations in Ethiopia.
• Identified Kalu Woreda (district) from South Wollo Zone, Amhara regional state as the project target district for green job/entrepreneurship and protection interventions in Ethiopia. 
• Prepared three Terms of Reference (ToRs) to partner with competent service providers in Ethiopia on 1) Market System Analysis on Green Jobs and Entrepreneurship Opportunities in Disaster and Climate Change Affected Areas; 2) Awareness Raising Campaign to raise awareness on safe, regular and orderly migration, on rights of migrant workers and available protection services for migrant workers in South Wollo Zone (particularly in Kalu woreda); and 3) Provision of Entrepreneurship and Life Skills Development Trainings for Communities Affected by Climate Change. 

As part of the study – Human Mobility and Climate Change in the IGAD Region - commissioned by UNHCR, a workshop was held in Garissa town on 16 February 2022. The workshop consulted members of community-based organizations about which populations groups in the county were migrating and why.

Participants identified two main reasons for moving: 1) to protect livelihoods; 2) to explore new opportunities. 

The main groups to protect their livelihoods are pastoralists and agropastoralists who are affected by the current drought and are facing a fourth failed rainy season. They are struggling to find water and grazing for their livestock. Although mobility is part of the pastoralists lifestyle, climate change and unpredictable rains are disrupting migration patterns.

Groups that migrate from Garissa County looking for better opportunities tend to be young people, mainly, but not exclusively male, in search of education and employment. Most move to Nairobi or another large urban centres, very few move abroad. Depending on the individual, the move could be temporary or permanent. Workshop participants were unaware of any regular migration pathways to support migration in search of work, education and better opportunities and expressed concern that migrants could be exploited. 

Furthermore, participants identified needs for disaster mitigation and planning, and more support for traditional livelihoods and access to employment and education. 

Inputs from the workshop will be analyzed for the study, which is expected to be ready during the second quarter of 2022. 

Migration Dialogues: "Gaps and Emerging Challenges: the Impact of our Evolving Climate on Migrants"

IGAD/ICPAC took part in the Migration Dialogue "Gaps and Emerging Challenges: the Impact of our Evolving Climate on Migrants" on 23 February 2022. 

The forum participants discussed the key considerations coming from COP26 that should be reflected in commitments made around the IMRF; the actions to be taken across the different levels of migration management that may help foster multi-lateral action in addressing climate change and migration; and how the GCM could best be utilized as a tool in this respect by Member States and stakeholders.
 
IGAD/ICPAC elaborated on the key regional priorities emphasizing on the need to focus on adverse drivers of migration and displacement (GCM objective 2) and IGAD protocol on free movements of persons as an instrument for free movement of persons (GCM objective 5). Furthermore, the importance of understanding the climate-disaster-mobility nexus through modelling to inform policy and operations at IGAD was highlighted.

UPCOMING IN JUNE 2022: 
2nd International Research and Evidence Facility (REF) Conference - Migrants and Forcibly Displaced Persons: Towards greater inclusion and protection

Partners will discuss the programme, its relevance and achievements at the Conference, which will be held at the Trademark Hotel in Nairobi on June 9 and 10, 2022.