Sustainable support for plant, animal and forest genetic resources

For immediate release: 2 December 2021

An overarching Genetic Resources Strategy for Europe, bolstered by individual strategies for plant, animal and forest genetic resources, was launched on 30 November 2021 in Brussels at a meeting of MEPs, EU policymakers and other stakeholders.

The strategies aim to strengthen conservation and sustainable use of genetic resources in Europe, which are the fundamental basis of sustainable agriculture and forestry, food and nutrition security, climate change adaptation, and for supporting Europe’s bioeconomy and competitiveness.

The strategies respond to a call from European Commission to “provide a framework in which the existing mosaic of European, national/regional structures can join forces to develop and implement ambitious approaches and strategies for the management of crop, forest and animal GenRes”.

The overall Genetic Resources Strategy for Europe is a product of GenRes Bridge, funded by the EU under the Horizon 2020 Framework Programme and coordinated by EFI. It brought together 17 partners to draw up a strategic vision that will secure genetic resources and enable Europe to meet its commitments under the European Green Deal, as well as under global policy frameworks and legislative instruments, including the Sustainable Development Goals.

The three domain-specific strategies for plant, animal and forest genetic resources were produced by the three European genetic resources networks, ECPGR (the European Cooperative Programme for Plant Genetic Resources), ERFP (the European Regional Focal Point for Animal Genetic Resources) and EUFORGEN (the European Forest Genetic Resources Programme).

A lifeline

Opening the meeting, Christian Huyghe of the French National Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), described genetic resources as “the lifeline between the past and the future”.

This thought was echoed by Jože Podgoršek, Minister in the Slovenian Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food, in his welcome message on behalf of the Slovenian presidency of the EU.

 

“The loss of genetic diversity and the erosion of genetic resources have a critical impact on the vulnerability of agriculture and forestry, the production of healthy food and the preservation of a healthy environment,” Mr Podgoršek said.

“We must realise that, with our efforts in policymaking processes, we can influence all levels of biodiversity — from genes to ecosystems and from a local to a global level,” he added.

In conclusion, Mr Podgoršek reminded the meeting, “implementation … will enable us to adapt to climate change and to changing production systems and use.”

Additional political support came from Marlene Mortler, MEP and member of the Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development, who said she was looking forward to action on the long-term conservation and sustainable use of genetic diversity.

Strong collaboration

Partners who took part in the development of the strategies agreed that quite apart from the vision they offered, one of the great benefits of the process was that it promoted greater collaboration among the three domains of plant, animal and forest genetic resources.

“We learned a lot from one another,” said Michele Bozzano, coordinator of the GenRes Bridge project and of EUFORGEN.

“Seventeen project partners contributed to the development of the overarching strategy, but the backbone of this combined effort is the three networks.”

Representatives of the European Commission praised the strategies for their clarity and vision. Annette Schneegans, from DG Agriculture and Rural Development, agreed that genetic resources were central to many European policies. “GenRes Bridge also has helped the three networking programmes to advance on individual roadmaps,” she added.

Plant, animal and forest genetic resources together

Shelagh Kell, of the University of Birmingham in the United Kingdom, introduced the overarching Genetic Resources Strategy for Europe, stressing the importance of genetic resources for climate change adaptation, sustainable agriculture and forestry, food and nutrition security, meeting consumer demands for quality, diverse and ethical produce, and for supporting the European bioeconomy.

“Like other components of biodiversity, genetic resources are threatened and being lost” she said, “and despite their enormous value, they remain of low visibility in the European policy landscape”.

“A coherent policy and legal framework is necessary to secure these vital resources” she said, “which will require increased awareness of the important provisioning ecosystem services values of genetic resources, and a step change in the infrastructure and funding dedicated to their conservation and sustainable use.”

 

In setting out details of the domain-specific strategies, each speaker stressed not only the vital importance of genetic resources to quality of life in the future, but also the magnitude of the challenge.

Theo van Hintum, of the Centre for Genetic Resources of Wageningen University of Research, the Netherlands, pointed out that “plant genetic resources are important because they are our food. Without PGR, no food.”

Danijela Bojkovski, of the University of Ljubljana, Slovenia, told the meeting that eight livestock breeds provide 95% of Europe’s animal-source foods. “If anything, animal genetic resources are more threatened than plant genetic resources.”

Forest genetic resources already have an agreed pan-European strategy for conservation, explained Anna-Maria Farsakoglou of the European Forest Institute. The new Forest Genetic Resources Strategy for Europe provides an integrated approach. It focusses not only on conservation but also on use, and the development and management of FGR as part of the transition.

The future

Implementation of the actions called for by the strategies was the subject of a subsequent panel discussion.

Frank Begemann, of the Federal Office for Agriculture and Food, Germany, said he hoped the strategies would act as a model for the EU and for member countries. However, he warned that in his view the need for “a step change, a change in thinking” had not been properly understood.

“Instead of proposing national activities,” Begemann said, “we need to move to thinking in European terms.”

Annette Schneegans, from DG Agri, welcomed the incredibly valuable input to research and innovation provided by the strategies. “It gives us a roadmap for what needs to be done in investment in research,” she said, while stopping short of agreeing to adopt the recommendations in full.

Summarizing the outcomes of the panel discussion and launch event, Nigel Maxted, of the University of Birmingham, emphasized the “huge progress” that the three European genetic resources networks had made by working together. He also reiterated the urgent need to implement the priority actions specified in the Genetic Resources Strategy for Europe, which have been carefully formulated by the full range of stakeholders in the plant, animal and forest genetic resources domains, who were involved in the development of the Strategy.

“If we don’t take action, we are not going to make it through climate change” , Maxted said. “Young people are going to wonder why Europe understood the challenge but failed to instigate real effective change.”

Bruno Ferreira, Director General for Food in the French Ministry of Agriculture and Food, closed the meeting, reminding participants that “France, with its exceptional animal, plant and forest heritage, is sensitive to the issue of erosion of cultivated biodiversity.” France assumes the EU Presidency in January 2022. Mr Ferreira declared that “France supports the networks and considers that their role in coordinating actions and implementing the general and three sector-respective strategies is fundamental and must also be supported by the European Commission.”

Notes to Editors